رفتار علمی: پژوهشی تطبیقی - تحلیلی پیرامون شاخص‏ها و مصداق‏ها

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه کردستان

2 فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

هدف: هدف این پژوهش شناسایی و دسته‏بندی شاخص‏ها و مصداق‏های رفتار علمی دانشمندان است.
روش: ابتدا متون مربوط به حوزه‏های مختلف درباره رفتار علمی و به طور عام ویژگی‏های دانشمندان و فرایندهای علمی مرور شد و مفاهیم کلیدی به صورت تطبیقی در جدول‏هایی قرار گرفت. سپس با استفاده از مبانی نظری روان‏شناسی رفتار، مفاهیم دسته‏بندی گردید و در نهایت به صورت تحلیلی روابط بین آن‌ها بیان گردید.
یافته‏ها: این مطالعه نشان داد که مفاهیم مرتبط با ویژگی‏های فکری و رفتاری دانشمندان به طور پراکنده در متون حوزه‏های مختلف علمی مانند روان‏شناسی رفتار، جامعه‌شناسی علم، و روش‌شناسی پژوهش قابل‌تشخیص است و می‏توان آن‌ها را در پنج شاخص کلی قرارداد. شاخص‏های شناسایی‌شده در این مطالعه منطبق با مبانی نظری روان‏شناسی رفتار است و دارای یک چرخه مداوم و پایدار در جامعه علمی است که پیوسته در حال رشد است. شناسایی این شاخص‏ها به سازمان‏هایی که مسئولیت تربیت پژوهشگر را بر عهده‌دارند، به ویژه دانشگاه‏ها، کمک می‏نماید که معیاری برای تعیین هدف و اندازه‏گیری تحقق آن در اختیار داشته باشند. شاخص‏های شناسایی‌شده در این پژوهش می‏تواند مبنای برخی پژوهش‏ها در حوزه علم اطلاعات شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Scientific Behavior: Comparative and analytical Investigation about dimensions and evidences

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sayed Mahdi Hosseini 1
  • Mohammad Hossein Dayyani 2
1 university of kordestan
2 university of ferdowsi
چکیده [English]

Purpose: In this study we aimed to determine and categorize scientists’ behavior dimensions and evidences.
Methodology: We reviewed different fields related to scientific behavior, scientists’ traits and science processes. A comprehensive and comparative list of concepts was extracted as an outcome of the review. Then, we categorize concepts according to behavioral psychology theories. Finally, relationships between dimensions were discussed and we developed a new conceptual model.
Findings: Scientific behavior is not considered in a specific field. But, Concepts related to scientists’ thoughts and behavior are discussed in different fields such as behavioral psychology, science sociology, and research methodology. We found that the concepts can be grouped in five dimensions according to Fishbine and Ajzen's (1975) Reasoned and Planned behavior theories. Norm/Ethic Dimension is the most discussed in literature, some dimensions (e.g. knowledge structure and scientific attitude) lack researcher consideration. We found that the Five Scientific Behavior Dimensions (FSBD) are related to each other in a cyclic process and this process has a continuous, spiral development. Organizations, especially universities, which aim to train researchers can found the five dimensions as criteria for purpose identification and measuring and evaluating the results. The FSBD may inspire researchers to consider and investigate these criteria in information science.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Scientific behavior
  • Scientific attitude
  • Knowledge structure
  • Scientific action
  • Scientific process
  • Scientific norm
  • Scientific ethics
  • Scientific personality
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