تحلیل و مقایسه فهرست سرعنوان‌های موضوعی فارسی با فهرست سرعنوان‌های موضوعی کنگره از منظر ویژگی‌های ساختار زبانی و شبکه‎معنایی

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی

2 فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

هدف: فهرست سرعنوان‌‌های موضوعی فارسی به منزله ابزاری استاندارد و ملی جهت بازنمایی موضوعی کتاب‌‌های فارسی از سوی کتابخانه ملی ایران و سایر کتابخانه‌‌ها در ایران مورد استفاده قرار می‌‌گیرد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بازشناسی عمیق ویژگی‌های سرعنوان‌های موضوعی فارسی در دو حیطه ساختار زبانی و شبکه معنایی است.
روش: پژوهش از نوع کاربردی است و به روش تحلیل محتوا انجام پذیرفته است. دستور کار کدگذاری مطابق با پرسش‌های پژوهش، چارچوب تعریف‌شده، مبانی نظری به ویژه در حوزه زبان و بازنگری متخصصان آن حوزه تدوین شد. فهرست سرعنوان‌های موضوعی فارسی ویرایش سوم و دو پیوست آن (11233 رکورد) و سرعنوان‌های موضوعی مشترک در فهرست کنگره و فارسی (9519 رکورد) به منزله جامعه آماری قرار گرفت. بخشی از داده‌ها از سطح جامعه آماری و بخشی دیگر از طریق نمونه‌ تصادفی گردآوری شد.
یافته‌ها: طبق یافته‌ها از نظر ساختار زبانی، سرعنوان‌های موضوعی فارسی با 17/86 درصد از زبان طبیعی پیروی کرده‌اند و 87/79 درصد از سرعنوان‌ها پیش‌همارای طبیعی هستند. از نظر دستوری شکل غالب سرعنوان‌ها به صورت اسم (1/96 درصد) و گروه اسمی (87 درصد) است. تفاوت معناداری میان دو فهرست از نظر طبیعی یا مصنوعی بودن زبان، وجود یادداشت دامنه و وجود شماره رده برقرار است. از نظر شبکه معنایی، تفاوتی اساسی و معنادار میان دو فهرست سرعنوانی موضوعی فارسی و کنگره قابل مشاهده است. با توجه به ضعف و اشکال در شبکه روابط معنایی فهرست سرعنوان‌های موضوعی فارسی لازم است این فهرست در جهت اصلاح و غنی‌سازی شبکه معنایی میان سرعنوان‌ها مورد بازنگری قرار گیرد.

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