Examining the Information Storage and Retrieval Systems in Light of Wittgenstein's Theories

Document Type : مقالات پژوهشی

Authors

• Mohammad Reza Davarpanah
• Narges Oraee

Fersdowsi University of Mashhad

10.22067/riis.v9i1.56094

Abstract

Introduction: The main problem described by Wittgenstein is language, which initially conceives language as the illustrator of the facts and later in its second philosophical period, as a form of life. This paper seeks to analyze the dimensions of information storage and retrieval in light of Wittgenstein's picture and language games theories.
Methodology: Wittgenstein's analytical method used in both of his books is a method of analysis or argumentation and a conceptual-linguistic method. This research was carried out by using analytical method and literature review. Information was gathered by searching for printed and electronic sources (related articles and books).
Findings: Analysis of the information storage and retrieval systems from texture, knowledge representation, indexing, spoken communities, natural language, meaning and relevance and access to content dimensions showed that the information storage and retrieval systems in the realization of their main goal, which is the transfer of information from the source of information to the searcher is faced with fundamental semantic problems. The information storage and retrieval system that provides well access to information does not function well in access to the intellectual content.
Conclusion: The process of analyzes and basic assumptions in the information storage and retrieval systems implies that the information storage and retrieval systems are designed based on the search indexes and expressions with static meanings and the rule of the individualism and subjectivity approach influenced by the picture theory of language. But the text as the source of information that feeds the information storage and retrieval system is no longer the area of ​​language games, and it is impossible to conceive of what the indexing system considered constant conceptions for the text as the ultimate and definitive meaning of the text.

Keywords

• Wittgenstein
• picture theory
• language game theory
• information storage and retrieval
• information system

---

References

احمدی، بابک(1374). حقیقت و زیبایی. تهران: نشر مرکز.

برآین، مگی(1374). مردان اندیشه(ترجمه عزت الله فولادوند). تهران: طرح نو.

پورحسن، قاسم(1385). ویتگنشتاین: از زبان تصویری تا زبان تالیفی. پژوهشنامه علوم انسانی، 1(49)، 127-148.

داورپناه، محمدرضا(1383). پارادایم و بازیابی اطلاعات. کتابداری و اطلاع‌رسانی، 7(3)،2-4.

داورپناه، محمدرضا(1384). ضرورت های نوین بازنـگری در ذخیره و بازیابی اطلاعات. کتابداری و اطلاع-رسانی،8(31)،67-88.

داورپناه، محمدرضا؛ مختاری، حیدر(1393). نظریه علم. تهران: دبیزش

کی.اس. دانلان (1374). فلسفه تحلیلی و فلسفه زبان(ترجمه شاپور اعتماد و مراد فرهاد پور). فصلنامه ارغنون، (7و8)،39-68.

فون، کت(1381). مفهوم فلسفه نزد ویتگنشتاین(ترجمه کامران قره گوزلی). تهران: نشر مرکز

هارتناک، یوستوس(1351). ویتگنشتاین(ترجمه منوچهر بزرگی). تهران: خوارزمی.

هادسون، ویلیام دانالد؛ویتگنشتاین، لودویک(1378). ربط فلسفه او با باور دینی(مترجم مصطفی ملکیان). تهران: انتشارات گروس

کوپنا، دامیانی(1379). اندیشه سیاسی و تفسیر: معضل پیچیده تفسیر در پست مدرنیته و پست مدرنیسم(ترجمه حسین علی نوروزی). تهران: انتشارات نقش جهان.

نشاط، نرگس(1390). جستجو در معنا. تهران:نشر کتابدار

ریسمانباف، امیر؛ فتاحی، رحمت الله(1394). بازشناختی از دانش‌شناسی: جستارهایی در علم اطلاعات و دانش-شناسی، تهران: نشر کتابدار.

سروش، علی اکبر(1374). درس هایی در فلسفه علم الجتماع. تهران: نشر نی.

ویتگنشتاین، (1380). تحلیل فلسفی(ترجمه فاطمی). تهران: نشر مرکز

ندرلو، بیت الله(1390). نظریة بازی‌های زبانی ویتگنشتاین: یک نظرگاه فلسفیِ پست‌مدرن دربارة زبان. غرب شناسی بنیادی،2(1)، 87-100.

Belkin, N. J. (1980). Anomalous states of knowledge as a basis for information retrieval. Canadian Journal of Information Science. 5(1), 133-143. Retrieved 25 June, 2015 from http://infobehavior.pbworks.com/f/Belkin+ASK+p1.pdf

Blair, D. C. (2006). Wittgenstein, language and information: "Back to the rough ground!". Springer.

Brier, S. (2004). Cybersemiotics and the problems of the information-processing paradigm as candidate for a unified science of information behind library information science. LIBRARY TRENDS. 52(3), 629–657. Retrieved 25 June, 2015 from https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/1677/Brier629657.pdf?sequence=2

Case, D. (2006). Information behavior. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology. 40(1), 293-327. Retrieved from https://doi.org/ 10.1002/aris.1440400114

Chu, H. (2003). Information representation and retrieval in the digital age. Medford, N.J.: Published for the American Society for Information Science and Technology by Information Today.

Glock, H. J. (1996). A Wittgenstein Dictionary. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell

HjØrland, B. (1998). Information retrieval, text composition, and semantics. Knowledge Organization. 25(1,2): 16-31. Retrieved 25 June, 2015 from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f977/bf36793fbfc5b6a1ad99ad26338458d869ca.pdf

HjØrland, B. (1998). The classification of psychology: A case study in the classification of a knowledge field. Knowledge Organization. 25(4): 162-201. Retrieved 25 June, 2015 from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105294

HjØrland, B. (2004). Domain analysis: A socio-cognitive orientation for information science research. Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 30(3), 17-21. Retrieved 25 June, 2015 from https://doi.org/10.1002/bult.312

HjØrland, B. & Pedersen K.N. (2005). A substantive theory of classification for information retrieval. Journal of Documentation. 61(5), 582-97. Retrieved from https://doi.org /10.1108/00220410510625804

Marchionini, G. (1995). Information seeking in electronic environments. Cambridge University Press.

Petras, V. (2006). Translating dialects in search: Mapping between specialized languages of discourse and documentary languages (Doctoral dissertation). University of California, Berkeley.

Tague-Sutcliffe, J. (1995). Measuring information: An information services perspective. San Diego; Toronto: Academic Press.

Talja, S., Keso, H., & Pietiläinen, T. (1999). The production of ‘context’in information seeking research: A metatheoretical view. Information Processing & Management. 35(6), 751-763. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4573(99)00024-2

Wilson, T. D. (2010). Fifty Years of Information Behavior Research. Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 36(3), 27-34. Retrieved from https://doi.org /10.1002/bult.2010.1720360308